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Effective duration and Convexity of bonds
Rank: Member Joined: 9/2/2006 Posts: 121
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Hi Scubidu, I know you will be mad when you read this story on Friday's Business Daily - http://www.businessdaily...-/14f8c9qz/-/index.html
That's why I was suggesting that we really understand the real estate sector and the company business before we conclude on whether its a good/bad move for Housing Finance. Hope that make's sense to you. Regards
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Rank: Veteran Joined: 9/4/2009 Posts: 700 Location: Nairobi
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@scooby. Hope you ire? I'm glad u brought the debate back to this forum. Interesting read that article and brings to the fold that issue about the transmission of the funds and cost of mortgage origination. If transmission is slow then they'll have to park those funds in some low yielding money market instrument to buffer finance costs (I think). Will they require more govt assets for liquidity; in order to lend out 7b as well as to retire the original 2b in debt. Interesting how the analysts compare the ratio of interest income to interest expenses. And what about the admin costs in lending out 7b in mortgages. If funds are used in property development I'm sure there's a lag time between construction or sale. What u think? “We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
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Rank: Member Joined: 9/2/2006 Posts: 121
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Hi Scubidu,
For banks, the ratio if interest income to interest expense is similar to gross profit for manufacturing firms. That's why I was asking you to look at the interest on the bond as a direct cost to the bank.
I had a glance at HF's website yesterday. They have this initiative to fund developers who are constructing either single dwelling units or multiple dwelling units. After the property is finished, HF would seek to entice the buyers of the units to finance it through them.
This approach is a great idea. My concern of late is that there has been lots of focus by the industry on the high income segment which is starting to cool off going by the movement in the Hass Index. A couple of my real estate contacts are mentioning to me that there are now noticing instances where there are unsold units in a project...maybe we could have someone else confirm that is the case from their end.
You are right in assuming that they could place the funds in treasuries. Assuming they would want to match the duration of the bond with an asset, the maximum yield they would get on a "7 year" bond would be around 5% which could lead to a a lower ratio of interest income and interest expense.
Btw, they mentioned that they don't intend to retire their existing debt obligations with Stanchart and Equity Bank.
Regards
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Rank: Veteran Joined: 9/4/2009 Posts: 700 Location: Nairobi
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Hey Scoobs. Yes it seems they have good initiatives and plans. Actually had a chat with one of the arrangers and convinced me as such. I hope they don't run into legal problems like the Komarock deal. Yes I heard as much about rising vacancy rates on non residential properties, but haven't heard anything about residential. It seems everyone I talk to has wonderful things to say about the real estate sector. I wish HF or S&L could develop some sort of housing index. It's a pity the Hass Index doesn't go further back, before 2005 but someone gave me an interesting statistic - In June 2005 only 2.7% of private sector credit was in real estate, now that figure is 7.5% - amazing and no sign of cooling down. Does the Hass Index measure the high income segment? And yes they won't retire their debt which answers my previous concern on liquidity. But SCBK were screwed on their previous loan, I'm sure they must have funded the greenshoe at 8.5% to make up for their blunder. Apparently the arrangers believe that HF can absorb even more debt by next year. But I'm confident that the ratio of interest income to interest expense will lower becoz 7b is a lot to handle in one go. “We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
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Rank: Veteran Joined: 9/4/2009 Posts: 700 Location: Nairobi
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http://www.hassconsult.c....php?option=com_acajoom
http://www.hassconsult.c...ries/quarter%203.10.pdf “We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
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Rank: Elder Joined: 6/2/2008 Posts: 1,438
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@Scubidu. Thanks for the link. I am trying to get some debate on it on a new thread in the property section.
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Rank: New-farer Joined: 11/2/2010 Posts: 13
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sorry to throw the discussion off topic but do you think having a bond index in Kenya is viable? considering the recent increase in bond trading due to automation and the plans to further demutualise it from the NSE? Any takes on the HFCK floating rate bond? I think It will do well though it will be abit tricky seeing as the coupon rate is floating
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Rank: Veteran Joined: 9/4/2009 Posts: 700 Location: Nairobi
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@dkuyoh. Why wud u buy the HF floating again? I seem to remember D&B were thinking about one...an index. “We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
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Rank: Member Joined: 9/2/2006 Posts: 121
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dkuyoh,
The HF floating rate bond could start to be a viable investment if the treasury bill rates start to go up...given by the results of this week's ten year bond.
I'm yet to hear any comments from the industry desiring a bond index. They seem to be comfortable with the NSE yield curve given the profile of most investors in the market i.e. prefer maximising their interest income (hence holding fixed income investments to maturity) rather than trading the investments.
Also, how are D & B going to price bonds with optionality features i.e. the KenGen and ARM bonds?
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Rank: New-farer Joined: 11/2/2010 Posts: 13
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well with the 10 year bond clearly some pundits expect the interest rates to go upe. hell that 10yr on the run issue has distorted the NSE yield curve. this could effectively mean that the yields on other bonds will go up. the bond has created a mismatch of expectations between bond traders.
I didnt say I would buy I said it looks like it will do well coz of the embedded options effectively protecting the investor from the volatility of interest rates. I'm not sure if the bond was offered at a discount or premium though
@Scooby I agree on the investment perspective as many bondholders prefer to hold their bonds to maturity rather than trade them. seeing as bond prices move towards par as maturity nears I guess the bondholders would rather maximise the gains depending on whether they bought it on premium or discount. Pricing bonds with embedded options is tricky but it is possible. for instance computing Yield to call or Yield to Put makes it easier to price a bond. some have suggested using spot or forward rates
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Rank: Member Joined: 9/2/2006 Posts: 121
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dkuyoh,
I assume you are referring to the fact that the maximum interest rate on the floating rate bond is 9.5% . Won't that be deemed to be a cap/ceiling on the interest rate? It wont be a good thing because its value would decline if the T-Bill rates goes past 6.5%.
The yields for existing bonds and interest rates for new tresury issues would definitely go up...the current yields are quite ridiculous!
FYI, the HF was offered at par. And given the fact that the market is illiquid to date, it will be hard for one to determine its interest rate volatility unless one uses as a proxy, the volatility of the seven year treasuries.
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Rank: Veteran Joined: 9/4/2009 Posts: 700 Location: Nairobi
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@scooby. Kibaks is launching trading HF bond. Seven year treasuries going at about 8% (I think)...should I be interested in buying? Cos I have a feeling no one will be willing to sell to me... @dkuyoh. How does one construct a bond index? This sounds interesting... “We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
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Rank: Member Joined: 8/8/2009 Posts: 170
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@ dkuyoh, A bond index does [did?] exist courtesy African Alliance. @Scubidu http://www.standardandpo...p;assetID=1221186708589
You can get a wealth of information/ideas from reading up on the "Index Methodology" per index. Here is a sample on U.S Treasuries [S&P/BGCantor] http://www.standardandpo...;blobheadervalue3=UTF-8 [PDF]
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Rank: New-farer Joined: 11/2/2010 Posts: 13
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@drake and it flopped badly coz of the complexity involved. the thing with bonds in Kenya is that they arent traded as much as shares (most bondholders hold to maturity). Even with the ATS which makes trading more efficient only a relatively small number of bonds are traded in a day or week. some bonds have embedded options which makes them difficult to value, others are mature and we also have on the run issues so the index will have to be reconstituted regularly.
@ scooby ...good point.spot on. thats exactly what i said! If one can use the 7yr spot rates as a benchmark you can estimate the yield but you have to add a risk premium for volatility, credit risk, reinvestment risk etc. how will the value start to decline after crossing the 6.5% yield mark? coz the cap is at 9.5% explain
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Rank: Member Joined: 9/2/2006 Posts: 121
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dkuyoh,
The 9.5% limit includes a 300 bps for credit risk. Hence, treasury bill rate needed to arrive at the limit is 6.5%.
Hope that clarifies what I was talking about... and I hope I didn't misread the prospectus.
Regards
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Rank: Member Joined: 9/2/2006 Posts: 121
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Scubidu wrote:@scooby. Kibaks is launching trading HF bond. Seven year treasuries going at about 8% (I think)...should I be interested in buying? Cos I have a feeling no one will be willing to sell to me...
@dkuyoh. How does one construct a bond index? This sounds interesting... Scubidu, There is nothing you are loosing by trying, right? So, go ahead and take a chance... And I'll let you know if I know someone who bought and is interested in selling their bond, or a portion of it. Cheers
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Rank: New-farer Joined: 6/22/2010 Posts: 16 Location: Westlands
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Trading bonds in Kenya I believe is tough, market data is scanty, the yield curve doesn't have all points along the curve covered, the tendency of bondholders to be satisfied with the coupons and not capital gains due to bond prices, the list is endless and so are the opportunities for a smart player to make big money. There is nothing like making money, you have to earn it.
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Rank: Veteran Joined: 9/4/2009 Posts: 700 Location: Nairobi
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@polymer1. They need a way to bring smaller players into the market and not get screwed on pricing ... but i think market information will become more available (in time) with better investment. “We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
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Rank: Member Joined: 8/12/2010 Posts: 129 Location: nairobi
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active management strategies are less practised in kenya(valuation analysis , credit analysis or interest rate anticipation.this is due to the fact that tracking error is large due to the volatility in interest rates.also the general economic climate and demand fo bonds is low due to high inflation rates and slow global economic pace experienced now.
kenyans practice the more common buy and hold strategy that is easy to practice and minimizes tracking error
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Rank: New-farer Joined: 6/22/2010 Posts: 16 Location: Westlands
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@scubidu They can bring in retail investors who will buy and hold as bond trading is predominantly a big pockets-specialised knowledge game everywhere in the world. There is nothing like making money, you have to earn it.
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