My ninety cents worth. Your CV(educatation experience etc) is your investment, earned by your sweat, money and other resources. And that is why you earn money by hiring out your able services. The benefit accruing to your employer is your service, and even reputation of being associated with you, and they pay for it. No one should be able to benefit from your investment without your permission, or paying for it.
Your former employer has benefited from your investment without paying for it. (They lost the right to use the day you left them.)
It therfore follows that they owe you. (Think of the various models who have successfully sued for compensation when their images were used beyond the agreed time/product without their consent (even though they had initially been paid for those same pictures to be used in the agreed adverts.)
I would not advise you to ruin the former empyers contract without giving them the chance to make good (your aim is not malice, but to be paid for their use of your investment.) If they refuse, and you deem it worthwhile, then speak to a lawyer. Don't forget that you run the risk to ruin your name if they mess up the contract. (Think of the software co that was said to have written the failed tallying software for IEBC, only fro them to try to desperately clear their name when things went awry.