Am not sure that one is currently being enforced to the letter but that would be dependednt on the reasons behind the aborted landing. All airlines have their flight manuals that prescribe sitations when pilots should abandon an approach and attempt a second or head to the next alternate airport.

For example just about 3 days ago a kenya Airways Boeing 777 flight KQ 103 from London Heathrow aborted landing and overshot JKIA runway 06 after a DHL light aircraft which was ahead of the big jet had a tyre burst after a relative safe landing. KQ 103 was about 400 metres from the threshhold of runway 06 and quite low with altimeter callouts at around 600. The jet with 319 pax diverted to mombasa moi airport.In this case it was beyond the control of the crew and so cannot be billed as an actual landing. Most other missed approach are related to bad weather and low visiblility with minima allowed visibility levels varying from AC type to type I.e a Boeing 777 with its advanced navigation aids will land at visibility below 50m while its cousin the B767 may have to divert but this vary from airline to airline,plane maker manual and approach equipments available at that particular airport.